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Tess Pinto is a historian researching the Greater London Council, politics, conservation and planning, and has worked as a senior conservation advisor at the Twentieth Century Society.
In the 1960s and 70s, the Italian city of Bologna’s Communist administration took a radical approach to conservation – opening up the process of shaping the city’s historic centre to grassroots democratic planning.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, Britain’s growing co-operative movement provided an alternative to capitalist business practices – and made its mark on cities and towns with ambitious building projects.